Which symptom is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

The presence of amyloid plaques and tangles in the brain is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. These plaques are formed by clumps of beta-amyloid protein that accumulate outside neurons, while tangles consist of twisted fibers of another protein called tau that develop inside neurons. The buildup of these substances disrupts cell function and ultimately leads to neuron death, contributing to the cognitive decline and memory impairments commonly associated with the disease.

This pathological feature is critical for understanding the progression of Alzheimer's and is often used diagnostically in conjunction with clinical assessments. It distinguishes Alzheimer's from other types of dementia and provides insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the cognitive and behavioral symptoms seen in patients. Recognizing the role of amyloid plaques and tangles also highlights the ongoing research into targeted therapies aimed at reducing or preventing their accumulation as potential treatment strategies.